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RS 730: Topics in the Relationship of Judaism and Christianity:
Jewish-Christianity

RS-744; McMaster University, Term II, 2005 – Wednesdays, 10 am, UH B115
Annette Y. Reed (Dept. of Religious Studies; UH 110; 905-525-9140 ext. 24597)

SCHEDULE OF READINGS

January 5: Introductory/Organizational Session

January 12: Christian Origins, Jewish-Christianity, and Christian Judaism
Primary sources:
1. Gospel of Matthew (NT)
2. Epistle of James (NT)
3. Revelation (NT)
Secondary sources:
ALL: Annette Y. Reed and Adam H. Becker, “Introduction: Traditional Models and New Directions,” in Ways that Never Parted, pp. 1-24.
1. Raymond E. Brown, “Not Jewish Christianity and gentile Christianity but types of Jewish/gentile Christianity,” Catholic Biblical Quarterly 45 (1983): 74-79.
2. David Frankfurter, “Jews or not? Reconstructing the "Other" in Rev 2:9 and 3:9,” Harvard Theological Review 94 (2001): 403-27.

Presentation:David C. Sim, The Gospel of Matthew and Christian Judaism: The history and social setting of the Matthean community (T&T Clark, 1998).

Further Reading:Helmut Koester, “???????????????: The Origin and Nature of Diversification in the History of the Early Church,” HTR 53 (1965); John W. Marshall, Parables of War: Reading John's Jewish Apocalypse (Waterloo, Ont.: Wilfrid Laurier UP, 2001); Stephen G. Wilson, Related Strangers: Jews and Christians 70-170 C.E. (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1995).

January 19: Judaism in Christian Self-Definition in the Second Century
Primary sources:
1. Didache (ANF)
2. Apocalypse of Peter (NTA)
3. Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho (ANF)
Secondary sources: ALL: Judith Lieu, “‘The Parting of the Ways’: Theological Construct or Historical Reality?” JSNT 56 (1994): 101–19; Daniel Boyarin, “Semantic Differences; or ‘Judaism’/‘Christianity,” in Ways that Never Parted, pp. 65-86.
1. Richard Bauckham, “Jews and Jewish Christians in the land of Israel at the time of the Bar Kochba war, with special reference to the Apocalypse of Peter” in Tolerance and Intolerance in Early Judaism and Christianity (ed. G. Stanton and G. Stroumsa; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 228-38.
2. Jonathan A. Draper, “A Continuing Enigma: The ‘Yoke of the Lord’ in Didache 6.2-3 and early Jewish-Christian relations,” in Image of the Judeo-Christian, pp. 106.23

Presentation:Judith Lieu, Image and Reality: The Jews in the World of the Christians in the Second Century (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1996).

January 26: Defining “Jewish-Christianity”
ALL: J. Carleton Paget, “Jewish Christianity” in The Cambridge History of Judaism, Vol. 3: The Early Roman Period (ed. W. Horbury, W. Davies, J. Sturdy; Cambridge University Press), 731-75.
1. Georg Strecker, “On the Problem of Jewish-Christianity,” in Walter Bauer, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity, 2nd ed., trans. PSCO (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1971), 241-85.
2. A.F.J. Klijn, "The Study of Jewish Christianity," NTS 20 (1974): 419-431.
3. John G. Gager, “Jews, Christians, and the Dangerous Ones in Between,” in Interpretation in Religion (ed. S. Biderman and B. Scharfstein; Leiden: Brill, 1992), 249-57.
4. Joan Taylor, “The Phenomenon of Early Jewish-Christianity: Reality or Scholarly Invention?” VigChr 44 (1990): 313–34.
5. B. J. Malina, "Jewish Christianity or Christian Judaism: Toward a Hypothetical Definition," JJS 7 (1976): 46-57.

Presentation:Jean Daniélou, The Theology of Jewish Christianity (trans. J. Baker; London: Darton, Longman, & Todd, 1964) + Robert Kraft, “In Search of ‘Jewish-Christianity’ and its ‘Theology.’ Problems of Definition and Method” in Judéo-Christianisme: Volume offert au Cardinal Jean Daniélou (Paris: Recherches de Science Religieuse, 1972), 81-92.

Further Reading:F.C. Baur, “Die Christuspartei in der korinthischen Gemeide, der Gegensatz des petrinischen and paulischen Christentums in der alten Kirche, der Apostel Petrus in Rom,” Tübinger Zeitschrift fur Theologie 5 (1831): 61–206; Simon Claude Mimouni, “Pour une définition nouvelle du Judéo-Christianisme,” NTS (1992); idem, Le Judéo-christianisme ancien: Essais historiques (Paris: Cerf, 1998); Marcel Simon, “Reflexions sue le Judeo-Christianisme” in Christianity, Judaism and other Greco-Roman cults: Studies for Morton Smith at Sixty (Leiden: Brill, 1975), 2:52-76; idem, “Problèmes du judéo-christianisme” in Aspects du Judéo-Christianisme: Colloque de Strasbourg, 23-25 avril 1964 (Paris: Presse Universitaires de France, 1965), 1-18.

February 2: Literary and Archaeological Test-Cases in the Problem of Definition
Primary sources:
1. Testaments of the 12 Patriarchs (OTP)
2. Ascension of Isaiah (OTP)
Secondary sources:
ALL: Leonard Victor Rutgers, “Archaeological Evidence for the Interaction of Jews and non-Jews in Antiquity,” AJA 96 (1992): 101–18; Reuven Kimelman, “Identifying Jews and Christians in Roman Syrio-Palestine” [http://www2.bc.edu/~cunninph/kimelman_identifying.htm].
1. Martha Himmelfarb, “The Parting of the Ways Reconsidered; Diversity in Judaism and Jewish-Christian Relations in the Roman Empire; 'A Jewish Perspective'” in Interwoven Destinies; Jews and Christians through the Ages (ed. E. Fisher; Paulist Press, 1993), 47-61.
2. David Frankfurter, “Beyond ‘Jewish-Christianity’: Continuing Religious Sub-Cultures of the Second and Third Centuries,” in Ways that Never Parted, 131-44.
3. Zeev Safrai, “The house of Leontis ‘Kaloubis’ – a Judeo-Christian?” in Image of the Judeo-Christian, pp. 245-66.

Presentation:M. Simon, Verus Israel: A Study in the Relations Between Christians and Jews in the Roman Empire, AD 135–425, trans. H. McKeating (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1986).

Further Reading:Joyce Reynolds and Robert Tannebaum, Jews and God-Fearers at Aphrodisias: Greek Inscriptions with Commentary (Cambridge: Cambridge Philological Society, 1987), 48–66; Paula Fredriksen, “What ‘Parting of the Ways’? Jews, Gentiles, and the Ancient Mediterranean City,” in Ways that Never Parted, pp. 35-64; Marinus de Jonge, “The Future of Israel in the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs,” Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Periods 17 (1986): 196-211; James Charlesworth, “Christian and Jewish Self-Definition in Light of the Christian Additions to the Apocryphal Writings” in Jewish and Christian Self-Definition (ed. E. P. Sanders, A. I. Baumgarten, and Alan Mendelson; New York: Fortress, 1981), 2:27-55; Robert Kraft, “The Pseudepigrapha in Christianity,” in Tracing the Threads: Studies in the Vitality of Jewish Pseudepigrapha (ed. J. Reeves; Atlanta, 1994), 55-86.

February 9: Rabbinic References to Minim and Notzrim
Primary sources: TBA [ALL]
Secondary sources:
1. P.S. Alexander, “‘The Parting of the Ways’ from the Perspective of Rabbinic Judaism,” in Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways A.D. 70 to 135 (ed. J. Dunn; Cambridge: Eerdmans, 1992), 1-26.
2. Stephen Katz, “Issues in the Separation of Judaism and Christianity after 70 CE: A Reconsideration,” Journal of Biblical Literature 103 (1984): 43-76.
3. Reuven Kimelman, “Birkat ha-minim and the Lack of Evidence for an anti-Christian Prayer in Late Antiquity” in Jewish and Christian Self-Definition (ed. E. P. Sanders, A. I. Baumgarten, and Alan Mendelson; New York: Fortress, 1981), 1:226-244.
4. Shaye J.D. Cohen, “A Virgin Defiled: Some Rabbinic and Christian Views on the Origins of Heresy,” Union Seminary Quarterly Review 36 (1980): 1-11.
5. Naomi Janowitz, “Rabbis and their Opponents: The Construction of the ‘Min’ in Rabbinic Anecdotes,” Journal of Early Christian Studies 6 (1998): 449-62.

Presentation:Daniel Boyarin, Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity (Philadelphia: UPenn Press, 2004).

February 16: Early Patristic Evidence for Ebionites and Nazorenes
Primary sources:
1. Irenaeus, Adv.haer. 1.25-26*; 3.11.7-9*, 21.1; 4.33.4; 5.1.3 (Klijn and Reinick, pp. 103-7 + ANF for *)
2. Tertullian, de praescr. 32-33; de virg. vel. 6.1; de carne Christi 14-24*(Klijn and Reinick, pp. 107-11 + ANF for *); Hippolytus, Refut. 7.34-35; 10.22 (Klijn and Reinick, pp. 111-23)
3. Origen, de Princ. 4.3.8; Hom.Luc. 17; Hom.Gen. 3.5; Hom.Jer. 19.12; Hom.Matt. 11.12; 16.12; Matt.comm. 79; epist.Rom. 3.11; c.Cels. 2.1; 5.61; 5.66 (Klijn and Reinick, pp. 125-35)
Secondary sources:
ALL: A.F.J. Klijn and G. J. Reinink, Patristic Evidence for Jewish-Christian Sects (Supplements to NovT 36; Leiden: Brill, 1973), pp. 1-54, 67-73.
1. Richard Bauckham, “The Origin of the Ebionites,” in Image of the Judeo-Christians, 162-81.
2. F. Stanley Jones, “Hegesippus as a Source for the History of Jewish-Christainity,” in Judéo-Christianisme, pp. 201-12.

Presentation:Hans Joachim Schoeps, Jewish Christianity; Factional disputes in the early church (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1969).

Further Reading:Hans Joachim Schoeps, Theologie und Geschichte des Judenchristentums (Tübingen: Mohr, 1949); idem, “Der Ursprung des Bösen und das Problem der Theodizee im pseudoklementinischen Roman” in Judéo-Christianisme: Volume offert au Cardinal Jean Daniélou (Paris: Recherches de Science Religieuse, 1972), 129-42.

February 23: No class: Spring Break!

March 2: Didascalia Apostolorum
Primary sources:
1. Didascalia Apostolorum 1-11
2. Didascalia Apostolorum 12-18
3. Didascalia Apostolorum 19-22
4. Didascalia Apostolorum 23-26
Secondary sources:
1. R. Hugh Connolly, Didascalia Apostolorum (Oxford: Clarendon, 1969), xi-xci.
2. Charlotte Elisheva Fonrobert, “The Didascalia Apostolorum: A Mishnah for the Disciples of Jesus,” Journal of Early Christian Studies 9 (2001): 483-509. [PDF from Project Muse]

March 9: Rabbinic Evidence for Gentile sympathizers and Christ-believing Jews
Primary sources:
1. TBA
2. TBA
Secondary sources:
1. Richard Kalmin, “Christians and Heretics in Rabbinic Literature of Late Antiquity,” HTR 87 (1994): 155–69.
2. Burton Visotzky, “Prolegomenon to the Study of Jewish-Christianities in Rabbinic Literature” in Fathers of the World: Essays in Rabbinic and Patristic Literatures (Tübingen: Mohr, 1995), 129-49.
3. Burton Visotzky, “Jewish-Christianity in Rabbinic Documents: An Examination of Leviticus Rabbah,” in Judéo-Christianisme, pp. 335-49.
4. Gideon Bohak, “Magical means for handling minim in Rabbinic Literature,” in Image of the Judeo-Christian, 267-79.

Further Reading:Burton Visotzky, Fathers of the World: Essays in Rabbinic and Patristic Literatures (Tubingen: Mohr, 1995).

March 16: “Jewish-Christian” Sources Quoted in Patristic Literature
Primary sources:
1. Epiphanius, Panarion 30
2. Clement, Strom. II 2.9.45.5 (Klijn, p. 47f); Origen, in Joh. 2.12; comm.Matt. 15.14 (Klijn, pp. 52ff); Eusebius, Theoph. in Klijn, pp. 60ff
3. Jerome, Ephes. 5.4; de viris illustribus 2; Matt 6.1; 12.13; 22.35; 27.16; 27.51; Tract.Pss. 135; Ep. 120.8; Isa. 11.1-3; Ezek. 18.5-9; adv.Pelag. 3.2 (Klijn, pp. 78ff)
Secondary sources:
1. A.F.J. Klijn, Jewish-Christian Gospel Tradition (Leiden: Brill, 1992), 3-26.
2. A.F.J. Klijn, Jewish-Christian Gospel Tradition (Leiden: Brill, 1992), 27-43.

Presentation:Gerd Lüdeman, Opposition to Paul in Jewish Christianity (tr. M. Boring; Minneapolis: Fortress, 1989).

March 23: Sources of the Pseudo-Clementines
Primary sources:
ALL: Recognitions 1.27-71
Secondary sources:
1. F. Stanley Jones, “The Pseudo-Clementines: A History of Research,” Second Century 2 (1982): 1-33.
2. Johannes Munck, “Primitive Jewish Christianity and late Jewish Christianity: Continuation or Rupture?” in Aspects du Judéo-Christianisme: Colloque de Strasbourg, 23-25 avril 1964 (Paris: Presse Universitaires de France, 1965), 77-94.
3. F. Stanley Jones, “An Ancient Jewish Christian Rejoinder to Luke’s Acts of the Apostles: Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions 1.27-71” in Semeia 80: The Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles in Intertextual Perspectives (ed. R. Stoops; Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990), 223-45. Presentations:
1. F. Stanley Jones, An Ancient Jewish Christian Source on the History of Christianity: Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions 1.27-71 (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995).
2. Robert E. Van Voorst, The Ascents of James: History and Theology of a Jewish-Christian Community (SBL Dissertation Series 112; Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989).

Further Reading:Georg Strecker, Das Juden-christentum in den Pseudoklementinen (TU 702; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1981); H. Waitz, Die Pseudoklementinen, Homiliae und Rekognitionen (Leipzig, 1904); Oscar Cullman, Le problème littéraire et historique de roman pseudo-clémentin: Étude sur le rapport entre le Gnosticisme et le Judéo-Christianisme (Paris: Libraire Felix Alcan, 1930); A. Hilgenfeld, Die clementinischen Recognitionen und Homilien (Jena, 1848); A. Stötzel, “Die Darstellung der ältesten Kirchengeschichte nach den Pseudo-Clementinen,” VC 36/1 (1982): 24-37; William Adler, “Apion’s Enconomium of Adultery”: A Jewish Satire of Greek Paideia in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies,” Hebrew Union College Annual 64 (1993) 15-49; A. Cadiou, “Origène et les Reconnaissances clémentines,” Rech. Sc. Rel. 20 (1930) 506-28; H.J.W. Drijvers, “Bardaisan’s Doctrine of Free Will, The Pseudo-Clementines, and Marcionism in Syria,” in G. Bedouelle and O. Fatio (eds), Liberté chrétienne et libre arbitre (Fribourg, 1994) 13-30; W. Heintze, Der Clemensroman und seine griechischen Quellen (Leipzig, 1914); A. Hilgenfeld, “Origenes und pseudo-Clemens,” Zs. f. wiss. Theol. 46 (1903) 342-51; L. L. Kline, The Sayings of Jesus in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies (Missoula, 1975); C. Grappe, “Baptême de Jésus et baptême des premiers chrétiens,” Revue d”Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 73 (1993) 377-93.

March 30: Pseudo-Clementine Homilies and Recognitions
Primary sources:
1. Letter of Peter to James
2. Hom. 1-3
3. Hom. 8-11 + Recog. 4-6
Secondary sources:
ALL: F. Stanley Jones, “The Pseudo-Clementines: A History of Research,” Second Century 2 (1982): 63-96.
1. A. Marmorstein, “Judaism and Christianity in the Middle of the Third Century,” HUCA 10 (1935): 223–63 + Albert Baumgarten, “Literary Evidence for Jewish Christianity in the Galilee,” in The Galilee in Late Antiquity, ed. L. Levine (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1992).
2. Annette Y. Reed, “Jewish Christianity after the Parting of the Ways: Approaches to Historiography and Self-Definition in the Pseudo-Clementines,” in Ways that Never Parted, 189-232.

Presentation:Andrew S. Jacobs, Remains of the Jews: The holy land and Christian empire in late antiquity (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2003).

Further Reading:Bernhard Rehm, ed., Die Pseudoklementinen I: Homilien (GCS 42; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1969); idem, ed., Die Pseudoklementinen II: Rekognitionen in Rufins Übersetzung (GCS 51; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1969); Meinolf Vielberg, Klemens in den pseudoklementinischend Rekognitionen: Studien zur literarischen Form des spätantiken Romans (Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 2000); J. Bergman, “Les éléments juifs dans les Pseudo-Clémentines,” R. Ét. Juives 46 (1903) 89-98; J. N. Birdsall, “Problems of the Clementine Literature,” in Jews and Christians, 347-61; L. Cerfaux, “Le vrai prophète des Clémentines,” Rech. Sc. Rel. 18 (1928) 143-63; L. Cirillo, “Le baptême, remède à la concupiscence, selon la catéchèse ps.-clémentine de Pierre: Hom. XI 26 (Réc. VI 9; IX 7), in Text and Testimony. Essays on New Testament and Apocryphal Literature in Honour of A.F.J. Klijn (Kampen, 1988) 79-90; O. Cullmann, “Die neuentdeckten Qumrantexte und das Judenchristentum der Pseudoklementinen,” in Neu-testamentliche Studien für Rudolf Bultmann (Berlin, 1957) 35-51; H.J.W. Drijvers, “Adam and the True prophet in the Pseudo-Clementines,” in Loyalitätskonflikte in der Religionsgeschichte. FS Carsten Colpe (Würzburg, 1990) 314-23; M. J. Edwards, “The Clementina: a Christian response to the pagan novel,” Class. Quart. 42 (1992) 459-74; C. A. Gieschen, “The Seven Pillars of the World: Ideal Figure Lists in the True Prophet Christology of the Pseudo-Clementines,” Journal for the Study of Pseudepigrapha 12 (1994) 47-82; E. Molland, “La circoncision, le baptême et l’autorité du décret apostolique (Ac 15, 28 et suiv.) dans les milieux judéo-chrétiens des Pseudo-Clémentines,” Studia Theologica 9 (1955) 1-39; J. Wehnert, “Literaturkritik und Sprachanalyse. Kritische Anmerkungen zum gegenwärtigen Stand der Pseudoklementinen-Forschung,” ZNW 74 (1983) 268-301.



April 6: “Jewish-Christians,” Mandeans, Elchaasites, and Islamic Origins
Primary sources: TBA [ALL]
Secondary sources:
1. Hermann Lichtenberger, “Syncretistic Features in Jewish and Jewish-Christian Baptism Movements,” in Jews and Christians, 85-98.
2. S. Pines, “The Jewish Christians of the Early Centuries of Christianity According to a New Source,” in Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, vol. 2 (Jerusalem, 1968), 237–309.
3. Patricia Crone, “Islam, Judeo-Christianity and Byzantine Iconoclasm,” Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (Jerusalem, 1980), 2:87–94
4. John G. Gager, “Did Jewish Christians See the Rise of Islam?” in Ways that Never Parted, pp. 361-72.
5. Steven M. Wasserstrom, Between Muslim and Jew: The Problem of Symbiosis under Early Islam (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1995), 15-46.

Presentation:Gerard P. Luttikhuizen, The Revelation of Elchasai: Investigations into the Evidence for a Mesopotamian Jewish Apocalypse of the Second Century and its Reception by Judeo-Chrisitan Propogandists (Tübingen: Mohr, 1985).

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